Global health is at a turning point. Global health actors founded in the late twentieth century are faced with challenges that were not foreseen in the wake of World War II. In addition to multiple ongoing pandemics, with the near certainty of other pandemics to come in the future, global health agencies must contend with the growing displacement and ill-health linked to climate change; with economic volatility, growing income inequality, the rise of populism, the spread of "fake news" through globally networked technologies, and other destabilising political forces.