This research project explores the roadblocks to effective biodiversity conservation in urbanization processes. The central objective of this report is to provide guidance to individuals in city-level governance on how biodiversity projects can be promoted in governance to both protect natural ecosystems and improve urban livelihoods. This research has analyzed two cities as case studies, Geneva, Switzerland and Kisumu, Kenya, and resulted in the formulation of a set of three main problems: complexity, lack of awarness, and lack of cooperation.