This chapter examines the trafficking of firearms in the Caribbean, including the sources of these weapons, the actors involved—notably gangs and organized crime groups—and the impact of these activities on violence and crime. Given that firearms are the most commonly used weapon in homicides in a number of Caribbean countries, the chapter pays particular attention to the impacts of trafficking and violence on public health and highlights the need for measures to reduce the burden of firearm injuries. When reviewing trends in illicit firearms in the region, the chapter examines the types of firearms, sources, concealment methods, and modes of transport used by criminals. The chapter finally explores the policy implications for the region and reviews key regional efforts underway to counter the twin challenges of firearms trafficking and violent crime.