Course Organization

Professor:
Thomas Biersteker

 

Course Description

This course starts from the assumption that multiple, inter-penetrating, conceptions of world order co-exist in contemporary international relations. It will articulate a broadly dialectical approach for understanding the emergence and interplay of different conceptions of world order. The seminar considers perspectives from different parts of the world in an attempt to construct a global approach to international relations theory and practice, one that is sensitive to fundamentally different cultural traditions and is able to accommodate contradictory insights, rather than force them into a single explanatory framework. Global debates about political security, political economy, political community, and political ecology will be examined, with special attention given to how they are perceived from different national or regional vantage points.

 

Syllabus

 

This seminar course will explore different conceptions of world order in contemporary international relations, and a dialectical approach for comprehending the emergence of contradictory tendencies in international relations will be articulated. The goal of this seminar (and the forthcoming, multi-authored book on which it is based, a manuscript that will be read during the course in draft form) is to develop a genuinely global approach to international relations. The multinational authors engaged in the project – located in Japan, Pakistan, Switzerland, and the US – are trying to produce an approach to understanding international relations that is sensitive to fundamentally different cultural traditions and is able to accommodate contradictory understandings, rather than attempt to force them into a single explanatory framework. Global debates about security, political economy, political community formation, and ecology will be surveyed, with special attention to how they are perceived from different national, regional, or conceptual vantage points. 

 

The course will begin with an analysis of the different meanings of world order and articulate a conception of order that treats world orders as ideational structures that co-exist with one other and interpenetrate different national societies around the globe. Next, we will examine dialectical approaches to understanding world order and disorder, contrasting them with conventional, analytical approaches in the social sciences.

 

The second section of the course will review global debates about international political security over the course of the last century. It will begin with an assessment of the recurring dialectic between balance of power and a variety of different forms of collective security, debates that were first articulated at the beginning of the twentieth century. Next, we will consider debates in the middle part of the century between those who articulated the logic of Cold War deterrence and those who confronted it with people’s wars and insurgencies. Finally, we will examine debates that dominated the dawn of the twenty-first century, with an analysis of the expansion of UN humanitarian intervention and the subsequent emergence of doctrines of unipolarity and the articulation of ideas about “coalitions of the willing.”

 

The third section of the course will examine global debates about international political economy. It will begin with a review of the imperialism debates that began the twentieth century. Next, the mid-century crisis of capitalism and articulation of alternative economic systems (socialism and fascism) will be explored. The section will conclude with an analysis of globalization and its discontents.

 

The fourth section will assess global debates about political community, beginning with debates about the importance and normative utility of nationalism at the beginning of the twentieth century, along with efforts to transcend it in the form of supra-national community building following the Second World War. The section will conclude with an analysis of the more recent debate between those who see the future in terms of a clash of civilizations and those who see the potential emergence of global society and cosmopolitanism.

 

The fifth section of the course will explore global political ecology debates, beginning with an analysis of classical geopolitical arguments and examining how they were transformed into efforts to control nature itself (from geopolitics to biopolitics). The section will conclude with an assessment of “nature’s revenge,” reassessing debates about the limits to growth and the emergence of a consensus about the challenges of global climate change.

 

The concluding week of the course will be devoted to developing syntheses and conclusions across these four different issue domains. Students will work together in different groups to prepare presentations in the final class session that suggest both recurring patterns and transformational syntheses.

 

 

Course requirements will consist of active participation in the seminar discussions, taking the lead (along with one or two other students) of a portion of the discussion of one week’s readings (posing questions for class discussion), and the completion of two 15 page papers, the first applying a dialectical analysis to an historical event or theoretical development, and the second expanding or commenting critically upon the group presentation given in the final session. The papers will be due on April 16 and June 4. Further details about the papers will be provided in class.

 

Course Packets: Available at Imprimerie Minute (http://www.imprimerie-minute.ch/minute/). Note that these contain only those required readings that are not available online; the remainder of the readings can be accessed online through the Institute network (http://graduateinstitute.ch/corporate/resources/library_en.html, for example, and from there through “A-Z  E-journals list”). Stable URLs to readings are provided below if available.

 

Seminar sessions:

 

 

 24 February: Introduction to the course

 

No reading assignment.

 

 

3 March: Meanings of World Order

 

Hedley Bull, The Anarchical Society, Chapter 1, 1977. 

 

Robert W. Cox, "Towards a post-hegemonic conceptualization of world order: reflections on the relevancy of Ibn Khaldun" in James N. Rosenau and Ernst-Otto Czempiel (eds.) Governance without government: order and change in world politics.  Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1991.

 

Johan Galtung, “Social Cosmology and the Concept of Peace,” Part II of Ch. 15, pp. 415-436 in his Essays in Peace Research, vol. 5, Ejlers, Copenhagen, 1980.

 

Richard Falk, "Contending Approaches to World Order," in his The End of World Order: Essays on Normative International Relations, Holmes & Meier, 1983.

 

Hayward Alker, Tahir Amin, Thomas Biersteker, and Takashi Inoguchi, “Defining the Post Cold War World Order,” Chapter One of The Dialectics of World Orders (draft manuscript)

 

 

Optional and Additional readings:

 

Jongwoo Han and L. H. M. Ling, “Masculine State, Feminine Society: A Feminist-Postcolonial Interpretation of East Asia’s Capitalist Developmental State,” International Studies Quarterly.

 

James N. Rosenau and Ernst-Otto Czempiel (eds.), Governance without Government: order and change in world politics.  Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1991

 

Fernand Braudel, Civilisation matérielle, économie, et capitalisme, Xve-XVIIIe siècle, 3 vols. Armand Colin, Paris, 1979.

 

Arnold J. Toynbee, A Study of History, Somerville abridgment, Readers Union.

 

Quincy Wright, The Study of International Relations, Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1955, especially Chapter 12, 30, and 31.

 

Johan Galtung, Peace by Peaceful Means: Peace and Conflict, Development and Civilization, PRIO, Sage, London, 1996, pp. 211-222.  

 

J. Galtung, Erik Rudeng & Tore Heiestad, “On the Last 2,500 Years in Western History and Some Remarks on the Coming 500,” pp. 318-361 in Peter Burke, ed., New Cambridge Modern History, Companion Volume, Vol. XIII, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1979.

 

Wolfgang Fikentscher, Modes of Thought: A Study in the Anthropology of Law and Religion, J.C.B. Mohr (Paul Siebeck), Tübingen, 1995.

 

 

10 March: Dialectical Approaches to World Order and Disorder

 

Hayward R. Alker, Jr. and Thomas J. Biersteker, “The Dialectics of World Order: Notes for a Future Archeologist of International Savoir Faire”, International Studies Quarterly, 28 (2), Spring 1984, pp. 121-142, http://www.jstor.org/stable/2600692

 

Mao Zedong, "On Contradiction", Four Essays on Philosophy (Beijing, Foreign Language Press, 1937). http://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/mao/selected-works/volume-1/mswv1_17.htm

 

Johan Galtung, “Positivism and Dialectics: A Comparison” Chapter 8 in his Methodology and Ideology (Copenhagen: Christian Ejlers, 1977 (pp. 214-229).

 

Hayward Alker, Tahir Amin, Thomas Biersteker, and Takashi Inoguchi, “Theorizing World Order(s): An Historical, Hermeneutic, and Dialectical Approach,” Chapter Two of The Dialectics of World Orders (draft manuscript).

 

 

Optional and Additional readings:

 

Hayward R. Alker, Jr., “Dialectical Foundations of Global Disparities,” International Studies Quarterly, 1981

 

Hayward R. Alker, "The Dialectical Logic of Thucydides' Melian Dialogue," Chapter 1 of his Rediscoveries and Reformulations: Humanistic Methodologies for International Studies, Cambridge University Press, New York, 1996.

 

Martin Hollis and Steve Smith, Explaining and Understanding International Relations, Chapter 9, pp. 196-216.

 

Geoffrey Barraclough, "The Search for Meaning in History: National History, Comparative History, and 'Meta-history'," Chapter 5 of his Main Trends in History, Holmes & Meier, New York and London, 1979

 

Kosuke Shimizu, "The Dialectics of Globalization: Whose Globalization Is It Anyway?" Mershon International Studies Review, 40 (1996)

 

Rodney B. Hall, “Dialectics as Constitutive Process in Historical International Systems: From Concrete Totality to Context Sensitivity”, unpublished paper, first presented at the ECPR General Conference, Turin Italy, September 2007.

 

Paul M. Kennedy, "The Decline of Nationalistic History in the West, 1900-1970," Journal of Contemporary History, Vol. 8, No. 1 (January 1973)

 

Scott Warren, The Emergence of Dialectical Theory: Philosophy and Political Inquiry (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1984), especially Chapter Two, pp. 28-61

 

John R. Searle, The Construction of Social Reality, Free Press, New York, 1995

 

Gerda Lerner, Why History Matters: Life and Thought, New York: Oxford University Press, 1997

 

Donald J. Moon, “The Logic of Political Inquiry,” in the Handbook of Political Science [I’ll get a reference]

 

Paul Ricoeur, Hermeneutics and the Human Sciences, edited by John B. Thompson. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998

See also: Paul Ricoeur Time and Narrative, 3 vols., University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1984-1988

 

Frederick Olafson, The Dialectics of Action: A Philosophical Interpretation of History and the Humanities (Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1979)

 

Pierre Bourdieu, Outline of a Theory of Practice (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1987) 

 

Herbert Marcuse, Hegel's Ontology and the Theory of Historicity, translated and introduced by Sheila Benhabib (Cambridge: MIT Press, 1987)

 

 

17 March: Global Security Debates I: From Balance of Power to Collective Security

 

Ernst Haas, “The Balance of Power: Prescription, Concept, or Propaganda?” World Politics, Vol. 5, No. 4 (July 1953), pp. 442-477, http://www.jstor.org/stable/2009179

 

Paul Schroeder, “The nineteenth century system: balance of power or political equilibrium?” Review of International Studies, V. 15, N. 2, April 1989, pp. 135-154

 

Inis Claude, Power and International Relations, Chapters 2 and 4, (pp. 11-39 and 94-149).

 

John A. Hobson, Towards International Government, 1915; Chapter 1, pp. 11-27

 

 

Optional and Additional readings:

 

Woodrow Wilson, “The Fourteen Points Speech,” http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1918wilson.html

 

Morton Kaplan, System and Process in International Relations, Chapter 2, pp. 21-53

 

Norman Angell, The Great Illusion, Chapters II and III, pp. 15-48, 1910.

 

Henry Noel Brailsford, The War of Steel and Gold, Chapter 1, pp. 9-46, 1916. http://www.lib.byu.edu/~rdh/wwi/comment/Brailsford/AP01.htm

 

G. Lowes Dickenson, The International Anarchy, 1904-1914, Chapter 1, pp. 3-12

 

Sir Halford Mackinder, Democratic Ideals and Reality, Chapter 6, pp. 148-181, 1919

 

H.G. Wells, “The Idea of a League of Nations,” Parts I and II, Atlantic Monthly, January/February 1919. http://www.mtholyoke.edu/acad/intrel/interwar.htm

 

John Maynard Keynes, The Economic Consequences of the Peace, Chapters I, III, and IV, 1920.  http://historicaltextarchive.com/books.php?action=nextpre&bid=12

 

Georges Clemenceau, Grandeur and Misery of Victory, Chapters XI and XVI, pp. 170-192 and 277-285, 1930 

 

French original: Georges Clemenceau, Grandeurs et misères d'une victoire, Paris 1930

 

Arnold J. Toynbee, "Things Not Foreseen at Paris," Foreign Affairs, V. 12, N. 3, pp. 472-482, April 1934

 

Alfred Zimmern, The League of Nations and the Rule of Law, Part III, Chapter IV, pp. 480-496, 1936

 

Arnold Wolfers, Britain and France between the Two Wars, Introduction and Conclusion, pp. 3-8 and 380-390

 

 

24 March: Global Security Debates II: From Cold War Deterrence to People’s Wars 

 

Franz Schurmann, The Logic of World Power, Chapter 1, pp. 91-113

 

John Lewis Gaddis, “The Long Peace: Elements of Stability in the Postwar International System,” International Security, V. 10, N. 4 (Spring 1986), pp. 99-142, http://www.jstor.org/stable/2538951

 

Mao Tse-tung, “On Guerilla Warfare,” Chapters 1, 5, and 6, 1937 http://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/mao/works/1937/guerrilla-warfare/index.htm

 

Che Guevara, “Message to the Tricontinental,” 1967 http://www.marxists.org/archive/guevara/1967/04/16.htm

 

 

Optional and Additional readings:

 

George F. Kennan, “X,” “The Sources of Soviet Conduct,” Foreign Affairs, July 1947. http://www.mtholyoke.edu/acad/intrel/coldwar/x.htm  

 

Thomas Schelling, The Strategy of Conflict, Chapters 1 and 3, pp. 3-20 and 53-80

 

Michael Walzer, Just and Unjust Wars, Chapter 11 “Guerilla War”, pp. 176-196, 1977

 

Michael Shafer, Deadly Paradigms, Chapter 5, pp. 104-132

 

E. H. Carr, The Twenty Years’ Crisis, 1919-1939, Chapters Four and Five, “The Harmony of Interests” and “The Realist Critique” 1939. http://www.mtholyoke.edu/acad/intrel/carr.htm  

 

Hans Morgenthau, Politics among Nations, Chapters 28 and 29, pp. 459-499, 1966 edition

 

Dean Acheson, Present at the Creation, Chapter 76, “Summing Up,” pp. 725-737

 

John Ikenberry, After Victory, Chapters 1 and 6

 

Robert Jervis, “Cooperation under the Security Dilemma,” World Politics, Vol. 30 (2), 1978, pp. 167-214. http://www.jstor.org/stable/2009958

 

Stephen Walt, The Origins of Alliances, 1987, Chapters 1-2, 8

 

Robert Gilpin, War and Change in World Politics, Chapters 1 and 6, pp. 9-49 and 211-244, 1981.

 

Paul Kennedy, The Rise and Fall of the Great Powers, Chapter 8, (pp. 514-540), 1987

 

Susan Strange, States and Markets, Chapter 2, 1988

 

Henry Nau, The Myth of America’s Decline, Chapter 1, pp. 3-14

 

 

31 March: Global Security Debates III: From Humanitarian Intervention to Unilateralism

 

Nicholas Wheeler, Saving Strangers, Conclusion, pp. 285-310

 

Roland Paris, At War’s End, Chapters 1 and 2, pp. 13-51

 

James Lindsay and Ivo Daalder, America Unbound: The Bush Revolution in Foreign Policy, Chapters 1 and 12.

 

Takashi Inoguchi, “Twentieth Century World Order Debates: Balance of Power, Collective Security and Unilateralism,” Chapter Three of The Dialectics of World Orders (draft manuscript).

 

 

Optional and Additional readings: 

 

John Bolton, “Should We Take Global Governance Seriously?" Chicago Journal of International Law (Fall, 2001)

 

G. John Ikenberry and Anne Marie Slaughter (eds.), Forging a World of Liberty under Law: US National Security in the 21st Century, Princeton Project report, available as a PDF file at http://www.princeton.edu/~ppns/report/FinalReport.pdf , pages 6-32 and 58-61.

 

David Rapoport, “The Four Waves of Modern Terrorism,” in Audrey Cronin and James Ludes (eds.) Attacking Terrorism, 2004 

 

Audrey Kurth-Cronin, “How Terrorism Ends,” International Security, 2006

 

Michael Mann, Incoherent Empire (London: Pluto Press, 2004)

 

Roland Paris, “Peacebuilding and the Limits of Liberal Internationalism” International Security, 22(2), 1997, http://www.jstor.org/stable/2539367

 

Deborah Avant, The Market for Force: The Consequences of Privatizing Security Cambridge University Press, 2005, Chapters 1 and 7.

 

Peter W. Singer, “Outsourcing War,” Foreign Affairs, March 1, 2005. URL http://www.brookings.edu/views/articles/fellows/singer20050301.htm   

 

 

14 April: Global Political Economy I: From Imperialism to Decolonization

 

John A. Hobson, Imperialism: A Study, Introductory and Chapter VI, pp. 1-13 and 76-99, 1902. http://oll.libertyfund.org/index.php?option=com_staticxt&staticfile=show.php%3Ftitle=127&Itemid=28

 

M. K. Gandhi, Hind Swaraj and Indian Home Rule, Chapters VI, VIII, XVII and XX, 1909. http://www.mkgandhi.org/swarajya/coverpage.htm

 

V. I. Lenin, Imperialism, Introduction and Chapters 1-7, 1916.  http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1916lenin-imperialism.html

 

Joseph Schumpeter, “The Sociology of Imperialisms,” in Imperialism and Social Classes, pp. 3-7 and 64-98, 1919 

 

Geoffrey Barraclough, An Introduction to Contemporary History, Chapter 6 (The Revolt against the West)

 

Optional and Additional readings:

 

Jules Ferry, Speech to the French Chamber of Deputies, 1885 http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1884ferry.html

 

Rudyard Kipling, “The White Man's Burden,” 1899 http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/Kipling.html

 

Cecil Rhodes, Cecil Rhodes: His Political Life and Speeches: 1881-1900, pp. 298-320, 1900

 

Ho Chi Minh, “The Path Which Led me to Leninism,” Problems of the East, April 1960. Quoted in Ho Chi Minh, On Revolution (New York: Frederick A. Praeger, 1967.): 5

 

Anthony Brewer, Marxist Theories of Imperialism, London: Routledge, 1990

 

 

21 April: Global Political Economy II: From a Crisis of Capitalism to Alternative Economic Systems 

 

Sir Arthur Salter, “The Future of Economic Nationalism,” Foreign Affairs, V. 11, N. 1, pp. 8-20, October 1932 

 

John Maynard Keynes, The General Theory of Employment, Interest, and Money, Chapters 1, 2, and 24, pp. 3-22 and 372-384, 1936 http://www.marxists.org/reference/subject/economics/keynes/general-theory/

 

Maurice Dobb, Russian Economic Development Since the Revolution, Chapters One and Twelve, pp. 5-24 and 373-400, 1928

 

Albert Hirschman, “Foreign Trade as an Instrument of National Power,” National Power and the Structure of Foreign Trade, Chapter II, pp. 13-40

 

 

Optional and Additional readings: 

 

F. A. Hayek, The Road to Serfdom, Chapter 7, pp. 97-111, 1944

 

Charles P. Kindleberger, The World in Depression, Chapter 14, pp. 291-308, 1973 

 

Lionel Robbins, The Great Depression, Chapters III and IX, pp. 30-54 and 195-200, 1934

 

Karl Polanyi, The Great Transformation, Chapter 20, pp. 237-248, 1944. 

 

Harold Lasswell, “The Garrison State,” American Journal of Sociology, pp. 455-468, 1940 

 

Benito Mussolini, “What is Fascism?” http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/mussolini-fascism.html

 

Nikolai D. Kondratieff (tr. W. F. Stolper), “The Long Waves in Economic Life”, The Review of Economics and Statistics, Vol. 17, No. 6 (Nov., 1935), pp. 105-115, 

http://www.jstor.org/stable/1928486

 

Leon Trotsky, The Revolution Betrayed, Appendix, 1936. http://www.marxists.org/archive/trotsky/works/1936-rev/index.htm

 

Peter Hall, The Political Power of Economic Ideas (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1987)

 

Robert Cox, Production, Power, and World Order, (New York and London: Columbia University Press, 1987)

 

Mihail Manoilescu, The Century of Corporatism, 1930

 

Philippe Schmitter, “Still the Century of Corporatism?” Review of Politics, 36(1), 1974

 

 

28 April: Global Political Economy III: Globalization and its Discontents

 

Jagdish Bhagwati, In Defense of Globalization, 2004, Chapter 1, pp. 3-27.

 

Robert Wade, “Globalization and Its Limits: Reports of the death of the national economy are greatly exaggerated” in Suzanne Berger and Ronald Dore (eds.) National Diversity and Global Capitalism (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1996).

 

Rafael Kaplinsky, “Is Globalization All It Is Cracked Up to Be?” Review of International Political Economy, 8, 1 (Spring 2001) 45-65. 

 

Thomas Biersteker, “Twentieth Century World Order Debates: From the Age of Imperialism to the Era of Globalization,” Chapter Four of The Dialectics of World Orders (draft manuscript).

 

 

Optional and Additional readings: 

 

F.H. Cardoso and Enzo Faletto, Dependency and Development in Latin America, Preface to the English Edition, pp. vii-xxv.

 

Robert Gilpin, U.S. Power and the Multinational Corporation, Chapter 1, pp. 20-43.

 

Theotonio Dos Santos, “The Structure of Dependence,” American Economic Review, pp. 231-236, May 1970, http://www.jstor.org/stable/1815811

 

Naomi Klein, Fences and Windows: Dispatches from the Front Lines of the Globalization Debate, Chapter 2, pp. 44-86.

 

Walt W. Rostow, The Stages of Economic Growth: A Non-Communist Manifesto, 1960, Chapters 1 and 2, pp. 1-16.

 

John G. Ruggie, “International Regimes, Transactions, and Change: Embedded Liberalism in the Postwar Economic Order”, International Organization 36(2), pp. 379-415, http://www.jstor.org/stable/2706527

 

O'Brien, Richard, Global Financial Integration: The End of Geography (London: Pinter, 1992)

 

Thomas J. Biersteker, “The Triumph of Liberal Economic Thinking” in Barbara Stallings (ed.) Global Change, Regional Response (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995).

 

Francis Fukuyama, “The End of History” 1989

 

Eric Helleiner, States and the Re-emergence of Global Finance, Chapters 1 and 2, pp. 1-50, 1994

 

Mauro F. Guillén, “Is Globalization Civilizing, Destructive or Feeble? A Critique of Five Key Debates in the Social Science Literature” Annual Review of Sociology, 2001 27:235-60

 

Johan Galtung, “A Structural Theory of Imperialism,” Journal of Peace Research, 1971

 

Gabriel Palma, World Development 1978 

 

Peter Evans, Dependent Development (Princeton University Press, 1979).

 

Khieu Samphan, Cambodia’s Economy and Industrial Development, Cornell monographs in Southeast Asian Studies

 

Richard N. Cooper, review of Bhagwati, Foreign Affairs, January/February 2004.

 

Susan Strange, The Retreat of the State, Cambridge University Press, 1996.

 

Gary Gereffi, “Global production systems and third world development” in Barbara Stallings (ed.) Global Change, Regional Response (Cambridge University Press, 1995)

 

Thomas Friedman, The World is Flat: A Brief History of the Twenty-first Century (New York: Strauss & Giroux, 2005).

 

Grahame Thompson and Paul Hirst, Globalization in Question, Polity Press, 1994

 

Linda Weiss, “Globalization and the Myth of the Powerless State” New Left Review, No. 225 (September/October 1997) 3-27.

 

Mike Davis, “Planet of Slums” New Left Review, No. 226, (2004) 5-34

 

Ronaldo Munck, Globalization and Social Exclusion, Kumarian Press, 2005.

 

John Gray, False Dawn, London: Granta Publications, 1998.

 

V. Spike Peterson, “Rewriting (Global) Political Economy as reproductive, productive, and Virtual (Foucaultian) Economies” International Feminist Journal of Politics, Volume 4, Number 1, April 2002 (1-30).

 

Dani Rodrik, Has Globalization Gone Too Far? Washington: Institute for International Economics, 1997.

 

Joseph E. Stiglitz, Globalization and Its Discontents, (New York: W.W. Norton Press, 2003).

 

David Held, Global Covenant: The Social Democratic Alternative to the Washington Consensus, Cambridge: Polity Press, 2004.

 

Ngaire Woods, “Order, Globalization, and Inequality in World Politics” in Andrew Hurrell and Ngaire Woods (eds.) Globalization and World Politics (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999)

 

 

5 May: Global Political Community I: From the Age of Nationalism to Supra-Nationalism

 

E.Renan “What is a Nation?”, http://www.cooper.edu/humanities/core/hss3/e_renan.html

 

Imam Khomeini, Islam and Revolution, translated by Hamid Algar (Berkeley: Mizan Press 1981), Section 3, The Form of Islamic Government [selections to be assigned]

 

Karl Deutsch et al., "Political Community and the North Atlantic Area", in International Political Communities, pp. 1-24, 1957.

 

Philippe C. Schmitter, “Imagining the Future of the Euro-Polity with the Help of New Concepts” in Gary Marks, Fritz Scharpf, Philippe Schmitter and Wolfgang Streeck (eds.) Governance in the European Union (London: Sage Publishers, 1996)

 

 

Optional and Additional readings: 

 

Hans Kohn, The Idea of Nationalism (New York: Macmillan, 1948), P.21

 

Walker Connor, The National Question in Marxist-Leninist Theory and Strategy (Princeton: Princeton University Press) p.29

 

Benedict Anderson, Imagined Communities, (London: Verso 1991), Chapters 1 and 2, pp. 11-40

 

Allan Lynch, “Woodrow Wilson and national self-determination” Review of International Studies, Vol.28, No.2, (April 2002) pp. 419-436, http://ejournals.ebsco.com/direct.asp?ArticleID=5BVA174PQ64BGXY8AKUA

 

Andrew Linklater, The Transformation of Political Community (Cambridge: Polity Press, 1998

 

Rupert Emerson, From Empire to Nation: The Rise to Self-Assertion of Asian and African Peoples (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1960

 

James Mayall, Nationalism and International Society, (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993) p.6Ibid p.26

 

Fred Halliday, “Nationalism” in The Globalization of World Politics ed. by John Baylis and Steve Smith, (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999), pp 359-373

 

C.A. Bayly, The Birth of the Modern World 1780-1914 (Oxford: Blackwell, 2004), p.243

 

Wolfgang Mommsen, “The Varieties of the Nation-State in Modern History: Liberal Imperialist, Fascist and Contemporary notions of Nation and Nationality” in M. Mann (ed.) The Rise and Decline of the Nation-State, (Oxford: Blackwell, 1990)

 

Partha Chatterjee, Nationalist Thought and the Colonial World: A Derivative Discourse (London: Zed book, 1993)

 

Sharif al-Mujahid, “Pan-Islamism” in A History of the Freedom Movement (Delhi: Renaissance Publishing House, 1984)

 

Prasenjit Dura, Rescuing History From the Nation: Questioning Narratives of Modern China (Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1995)

 

Nikki R. Keddie, An Islamic Response to Imperialism: Political and Religious Writings of Sayyid Jamal al Din Al –Afghani (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1983) 

 

K.W. Deutsch, Nationalism and its Alternatives (N.Y: Alfred A. Knopf, 1969) p. 190

 

Ernest B. Haas, The Uniting of Europe (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1958); E.B. Haas, Beyond the Nation-State (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1964)

 

Ernst B. Haas, Nationalism, Liberalism, and Progress Vol.1, (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1997) and Nationalism, Liberalism and Progress Vol.2, (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2000)

 

Walker Connor, “Nation-Building or Nation-Destroying” World Politics (April 1982)

 

Ernest Gellner, Nations and Nationalism (Ithaca: Cornell University Press 1983)

 

A.D. Smith, Theories of Nationalism (N.Y: Holmer & Meier Publishers 1983)

 

Peter D. Phillips and Immanuel Wallerstein, “National and World Identities and the Interstate System” Millennium: Journal of International Studies (Summer 1985)

 

Tom Nairn, “The Modern Janus”, New Left Review (Nov-Dec.1985

 

Gamal Abdel Nasser, The Philosophy of Revolution (Cairo: Ministry of National Guidance, n.d.)

 

Sayyed Abul Ala Mawdudi, Political Theory of Islam (Lahore: 1960)

 

Sayyed Qutb, Social Justice in Islam (Cairo: n.d.)

 

David Mitrany, "The Functional Approach to World Organization," International Affairs, July 1948. http://www.jstor.org/stable/3018652

 

Ernst B. Haas, The Uniting of Europe, Chapter 1, pp. 3-31, 1958.

 

 

12 May Global Political Community II: From Clash of Civilizations to Global Society

 

Samuel P. Huntington, “The Clash of Civilizations”, Foreign Affairs, Vo.72, No. 3 (Summer 1993)

 

Amitai Etzioni, From Empire to Community (New York: Pelgrave, 2004), Chapter 13, pp. 195-214

 

Anthony Appiah, “Ethics in a World of Strangers: W. E. B. Dubois and the Spirit of Cosmopolitanism” The Berlin Journal, Number 11, Fall 2005, pp. 23-26, http://www.americanacademy.de/uploads/media/BerlinJournal_11.pdf

 

Tahir Amin, “Twentieth Century World Order Debates: From Nationalism to Global Society?” Chapter Five of The Dialectics of World Orders (draft manuscript).

 

Optional and Additional readings: 

 

Wang Jisi, “Civilizations: Clash or Fusion” Beijing Review (Jan. 15-21, 1996), http://www.mtholyoke.edu/acad/intrel/ipe/beijrev.htm

 

Francis Fukuyama, “The End of History” The National Interest (Summer 1989) pp 3-18 

 

Francis Fukuyama, The End of History and the Last Man (N.Y: Free Press, 1992)

 

Samuel P. Huntington, The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1996)

 

Robert W. Cox, “Civilizations in World Political Economy” New Political Economy Vol.1, no.2 (1996) pp.141-156

 

Andrew Linklater, The Transformation of Political Community: Ethical Foundations of the Post-Westphalian Era (Cambridge: Polity Press, 1998)

 

Mohamed Khatami, “Dialogue among Civilizations”, Mahjuba Vol.20, no.1 (Jan.2001)

 

Ali A. Mazrui, “Racial Conflict or Clash of Civilizations? Rival Paradigms for Emerging Faultlines” in The Clash of Civilizations? Asian Responses, ed. by Salim Rashid, (Karachi: Oxford University Press, 1997) pp. 27-39

 

Andrei Tsygankov and Pavel Tsygankov, ‘Pluralism or Islolations of Civilizations? Russia’s Foreign Policy Discourse and the Reception of Huntington’s Paradigm of the Post-Cold War World’ School of International Relations, USS and Department of Sociology , Moscow State University (January 1998)

 

Chandra Muzaffar, “The Clash of Civilizations or Camouflaging Dominance” in Salim Rashid (1997) pp.99-108

 

Donald Puchala, “International encounters of another kind”, Global Society, Vol. 11 , No. 1, 1997, pp. 5-29

 

Hayward Alker, “If not Huntington’s Civilizations, then Whose?”, Review (The Fernand Braudel Center), 18 (4), 1995, 533-562

 

Hedley Bull and Adam Watson, The Evolution of International Society, Chapters 1 and 25.

 

Geoffrey Barraclough, An Introduction to Contemporary History, Chapter 6, “The Revolt against the West” pp. 153-198, 1966.

 

Christian Reus-Smit, "The Constitutional Structure of International Society and the Nature of Fundamental Institutions" International Organization 51, no. 4 (1997), pp. 555-89, http://www.jstor.org/stable/2703499

 

Andrew Hurrell, On Global Order: Power, Values, and the Constitution of International Society, Chapter 1 (forthcoming 2008).

 

Margaret Keck and Kathryn Sikkink, Activists Beyond Borders: Advocacy Networks in International Politics (Cornell, 1998) Chapter 1.

 

Martha Finnemore and Kathryn Sikkink, International Norm Dynamics and Political Change, International Organization, 1998, 52:4, http://www.jstor.org/stable/2601361

 

Neta Crawford, Argument and Change in World Politics, Chapter 1, pp. 11-81.

 

Anne Marie Slaughter, A New World Order, Chapter 1, pp. 1-64, 2006.

 

John Gerard Ruggie, “Reconstituting the Global Public Domain: Issues, Actors, and Practices” A Working Paper of the Corporate Social Responsibility Initiative, Harvard University. Available at; http://www.ksg.harvard.edu/m-rcbg/CSRI/publications/workingpaper_6_ruggie.pdf

 

Claire Cutler, Virginia Haufler, and Tony Porter, Private Authority and International Affairs, Chapter 1

 

Rodney Hall and Thomas Biersteker, The Emergence of Private Authority in Global Governance, Chapters 1 and 10.

 

 

19 May: Global Political Ecology I: From Geopolitics to Biopolitics

 

Paul Kennedy, “Mahan Versus Mackinder,” Strategy and Diplomacy 1870-1945, Allen & Unwin, London, 1983, pp. 41-85

 

Friedrich Ratzel, “The Laws of Spatial Growth of States,” in R. E. Kasperson & J. V. Minghi, eds., The Structure of Political Geography, Aldine, Chicago, 1969

 

Mike Hawkins, Social Darwinism in European and American Thought 1860-1945, Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, 1997, Chapter 11, pp. 272-291

 

Giorgio Agamben, Homo Sacer: Sovereign Power and Bare Life, Stanford University Press, 1998, Introduction and Part III, pp. 7-14 and 69-105

 

 

Optional and Additional readings: 

 

Augusto Pinochet Ugarte, Introduction to Geopolitics, Edítorial André Bello, Santiago de Chile, 1981, Chapters 1 and 2 pp19-36

 

Barry R. Posen, “Command of the Commons: The Military Foundation of U.S. Hegemony,” International Security, Vol. 28, No.1 (Summer 2003), pp. 5-46.

 

Ramesh Dutta Dikshit, Political Geography: A Contemporary Perspective, New Delhi, Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing, 1982; 

 

Geoffrey Parker, Western Geopolitical Thought in the Twentieth Century, St. Martin’s Press, New York, 1985 ; 

 

Peter J. Taylor, ed., Political Geography of the Twentieth Century: A Global Analysis, Belhaven Press, London, 1993;  

 

John Agnew, Geopolitics: Re-visioning World Politics, Routledge, London and New York, 1998; and 

 

Jacques Lévy, ed., From Geopolitics to Global Politics: A French Connection, Frank Cass, London, 2001, originally a special issue of Geopolitics, vol 5, no. 2 (Autumn 2000

 

B. L. Turner et al., eds., The Earth as Transformed by Human Action, Cambridge University Press, New York, 1990, which reverentially takes its title from George Perkins Marsh’s Man and Nature, or Physical Geography as Modified by Human Action, originally published in 1864 by Charles Scribner, New York, and reissued in 1965

 

Karl Haushofer, writings on geopolitics

 

Ramesh Dutta Dikshit, Political geography: a contemporary perspective. New Delhi: Tata McGraw-Hill, 1982

 

Richard Hofstadter, Social Darwinism in American Thought, Beacon Press, Boston, 1992(1944), similarly notes, p. 171, that The Origin of Species originally had the subtitle: The Preservation of Favored Races In the Struggle for Life

 

Geoffrey Sloan, “Sir Harold J. Mackinder: The Heartland Theory Then and Now,” in Colin S. Gray and Geoffrey Sloan, eds., Geopolitics: Geography and Strategy, Frank Cass, London and Portland, OR, 1999, at pp.15-18

 

Judith Butler, Precarious Life: The Powers of Mourning and Violence, Verso, London and New York, 2004.

 

Michel Foucault, Society Must Be Defended,” Lectures at the Collège de France, 1975-76 Translated by David Macey, Picador, New York, 2003

 

Samantha Power, “A Problem from Hell”: America and the Age of Genocide, Harper Collins, New York, 2003.

 

John W. Dower, Embracing Defeat: Japan in the Wake of World War II, W. W. Norton, New York, 1999.

 

Yasushi Yamanouchi, J. Victor Koschmann, & Ryuichi Narita, eds., Total War and ‘Modernization’, Cornell University East Asian Program, Ithaca, 1998

 

Captain A. T. Mahan, The Influence of Sea Power Upon History, Chapter VII, pp. 254-280, 1895.

 

Sir Halford Mackinder, "The Geographical Pivot of History," The Geographical Journal, pp. 421-444, 1904

 

 

26 May: Global Political Ecology II: From Limits to Growth to Global Climate Change 

 

Ian Miles, “Worldviews and Scenarios,” Chapter 8 in Christopher Freeman and Marie Jahoda, eds., World Futures: the Great Debate, Martin Robertson, London, 1978, pp. 233-278

 

Hayward R. Alker, Jr., and Peter M. Haas, "The Rise of Global Ecopolitics," in Nazli Choucri, ed., Global Accord: Environmental Challenges and International Responses, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1993

 

Francisco R. Sagasti and Michael E. Colby, “Eco-Development Perspectives on Global change from Developing Countries,” also in Choucri, ed., op. cit., pp. 175-204

 

Hayward R. Alker, Jr., “Twentieth Century World Order Debates: From Geopolitics to Ecopolitics and Biopolitics,” Chapter Six of The Dialectics of World Orders (draft manuscript).

 

 

Optional and Additional readings: 

 

Harold and Margaret Sprout, The Ecological Perspective on Human Affairs, with Special reference to International Politics, Princeton Univ. Press, Princeton, 1965

 

D. H. Meadows, D. L. Meadows, J. Randers, W.W. Behrens III, The Limits to Growth, Potomac Associates, New York, 1972, Chapters 2 and 3, pp. 53-134

 

Ken Conca and Geoffrey D. Dabelko, eds., Green Planet Blues: Environmental Politics from Stockholm to Kyoto, 2nd edition, Westview Press, Boulder, 1998

 

Sam Cole, Global Models and the International Economic Order, Pergamon Press for UNITAR, Oxford and New York, 1977; and 

 

Donella Meadows, John Richardson, Gerard Bruckmann, Groping in the Dark: The First Decade of Global Modeling, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1982. 

 

Donella H. Meadows, Dennis L. Meadows, Jørgen Randers, Beyond the Limits: Confronting Global Collapse, Envisioning a Sustainable Future, Chelsea Green Publishing Co., Post Mills, Vt., 1992

 

Thomas Homer-Dixon, The Ingenuity Gap: Can we solve the problems of the future? Vintage Canada, Toronto, 2000

 

 

2 June: Syntheses and Conclusions

 

No reading assignment

 

 

Optional and Additional readings: 

 

Francis Fukuyama, Our Posthuman Future: Consequences of the Biotechnology Revolution, Farrar, Straus & Giroux, New York, 2002

 

Bernard Nietschmann, “The Fourth World: Nations Versus States,’ Ch. 13, pp. 225-242 of George J. Demko and William B. Wood, eds., Reordering the World: Geopolitical Perspectives on the 21st Century, Westview Press, Boulder, 1994

 

Jürgen Habermas, The Future of Human Nature, Polity, Cambridge, 2003