Teaching › Academic Organisation › Political Science › Courses › Courses 2006-2007 › Spring Semester › Multilateral Governance

The Study of International Politics IV: Multilateral Governance (E562)

Course Organization

Dates, Time & Location:

Dates:
1. Monday 2 April
2. Monday 16 April
3. Monday 23 April
4. Monday 14 May
5. Monday 21 May
6. Monday 4 June
7. Monday 11 June

Time: 12:40 – 15:45

Location: S3, Villa Barton

 

Lecturer:
Dr. Mayeul Kauffmann, Visiting Lecturer
Office: Rigot 28
Office hours: Mondays, by appointment (generally before the course)
Email: mayeul.kauffmann@upmfgrenoble.fr

Teaching Assistant:
Andrew Prosser
Office: Rigot 35
Telephone: 022 908 59 48
Email: prosser0@hei.unige.ch

 

Course Description

This course will present a review of some of the major issues related to global governance, emphasizing the role of multilateral relations, international organisations and other world actors. Both theoretical and empirical (qualitative and quantitative) tools will be used. After introductory lectures devoted to definitions, history, description of main actors and a survey of theories, the core of the course will focus on some salient crosscutting issues, with an interdisciplinary viewpoint. A debate on some of the problems and proposed reforms will conclude this course.

All required readings are available as online publications from HEI’s website (with a very small number of exceptions), and are downloadable as PDF’s file. (Note: when Journals are available from several databases, the Cambridge Journals Online, JSTOR or some other resources might offer higher quality files [textual pdf or high resolution scans] than EBSCOhost [sometimes low resolution scans]).

Your grade will be based on a final exam.

 

Introductory lectures

Lecture 1. Definitions and historical overview (Monday, April 2th)


The first lecture will be twofold, with a definition of salient terms and an historical overview of the subject.

Definitions of terms

This introduction is designed to make sure we know what we are speaking about, by defining several phrases or concepts. Among other words, the term “governance” has been used with a variety of meanings, sometimes vague, sometimes very precise. The term “multilateralism”, “international organization” and a few others will also be discussed.

Required readings

  • Smouts, Marieclaude (1998), “The proper use of governance in international relations”, in International Social Science Journal, 50 (155), 8189.
  • Dingwerth, Klaus & Pattberg, Philipp (2006), “Global Governance as a Perspective on World Politics”, in Global Governance, 12 (2), 185203.
  • Ruggie, John Gerard (1992), “Multilateralism: the Anatomy of an Institution”, in International Organization, 46 (3), 561598.


Additional readings

  • Alcántara, Cynthia Hewitt De (1998), “Uses and abuses of the concept of governance”, in International Social Science Journal, 50 (155), 105113.
  • Caron, David C (2003), “Between Empire and Community The United States and Multilateralism 20012003: A MidTerm Assessment”, in Berkeley Journal of International Law, 21 (3), 395404.
  • IMF Executive Board (1997), “The Role of the IMF in Governance Issues”, Guidance Note, IMF.
  • World Bank (1994), Governance: The World Bank’s Experience, Development in Practice, 65 p.



Historical overview

This will be a historical overview of the development of multilateralism, the creation of international organizations, and the birth of global governance. We will start with the 19th century and early international organizations, continuing with the International Labour Organization and the League of Nations, the latter being compared with the United Nations system.

Required readings

  • Pevehouse, Jon ; Nordstrom, Timothy & Warnke, Kevin (2004), “The Correlates of War 2 International Governmental Organizations Data Version 2.0”, in Conflict Management & Peace Science, 21 (2), 101119.
  • Grigorescu, Alexandru (2005), “Mapping the UN–League of Nations Analogy: Are There Still Lessons to Be Learned from the League?”, in Global Governance, 11 (1), 2542.
  • Kahler, Miles (1992), “Multilateralism with Small and Large Numbers”, in International Organization, 46 (3), 681708.


Additional readings

  • Albright, Madeleine K (1994), “America and the League of Nations: Lessons for today”, in U.S. Department of State Dispatch, 5 (14), 192 p.
  • Boughton, James M. (1998), “Harry Dexter White and the International Monetary Fund”, in Finance and development, 35, 3 p.
  • Boughton, James M. (2002), “Why White, Not Keynes? Inventing the PostWar International Monetary System”, in The OpenEconomy MacroModel: Past, Present and Future, 7396.
  • Ruggie, John Gerard (1992), “Multilateralism: the Anatomy of an Institution”, in International Organization, 46 (3), 561598.
  • Kissinger, Henry (1994), Diplomacy, New York: Simon & Schuster, 912 p.

 

Lecture 2. Heterogeneous actors (Monday, April 16th)


The term “global governance” was partly coined to describe the interaction of actors, which was badly taken into account by statecentrist paradigms. Hence, we will study the various actors of global governance and how they interact, given their heterogeneity in terms of types (for instance public vs. private), geographical bases (global, regional, plurinational or national) and agendas. We will mainly focus on the following actors: pieces of the United Nations system and other global IGOs, regional IGOs (with a study on the tension between regionalism and globalisation), States, NGOs, international corporations, nonstate armed forces and various networks.

Required readings

  • Prantl, Jochen (2005), “Informal Groups of States and the UN Security Council”, in International Organization, 59 (3), 559592.
  • Yanacopulos, Helen (2005), “Patterns of governance: the rise of transnational coalitions of NGOs”, in Global Society: Journal of Interdisciplinary International Relations, 19 (3), 247266.
  • Dunne, Michael (2003), “The United States, The United Nations and Iraq: ‘Multilateralism of a kind’”, in International Affairs, 79 (2), 257277.
  • Fawcett, Louise (2004), “Exploring Regional Domains: A Comparative History of Regionalism”, in International Affairs, 80 (3), 429446.


Additional readings

  • Fulcher, James (2000), “Globalisation, the nationstate and global society”, in Sociological Review, 48 (4), 522544.
  • Noortmann, Math (2002), “Globalisation, Global Governance and NonState Actors: Researching beyond the State”, in International Law FORUM du Droit International, 4 (1), 3640.
  • Wilcox, Francis O (1965), “Regionalism and the United Nations”, in International Organization, 19 (3), 789811.
  • Fratianni, Michele & Pattison, John (2001), “International Organisations in a World of Regional Trade Agreements: Lessons from Club Theory”, in World Economy, 24 (3), 333358.

 

Lecture 3. Theories (Monday, April 23rd)


Major conflicting IR theories related to multilateralism, international organizations and global governance will be recalled and debated here.

Required readings

  • Snyder, Jack (2004), “One World, Rival Theories”, in Foreign Policy, 145, 5262.
  • Martin, Lisa L & Simmons, Beth A (1998), “Theories and Empirical Studies of International Institutions”, in International Organization, 52 (4), 729757.
  • Abbott, Kenneth W & Snidal, Duncan (1998), “Why States Act through Formal International Organizations”, in Journal of Conflict Resolution, 42 (1), 332.
  • Mearsheimer, John J (1994), “The False Promise of International Institutions”, in International Security, 19 (3), 549.
  • Wendt, Alexander (1992), “Anarchy is what states make of it: The social construction of power politics”, in International Organization, 46 (2), 391425.


Additional readings

  • Bacik, Gokhan (2002), “The Kantian Project in International Relations: The (Earliest) Theory of Globalization”, in Review of International Affairs, 2 (2), 2639.
  • Katzenstein, Peter J ; Keohane, Robert O & Krasner, Stephen D (1998), “International Organization and the Study of World Politics”, in International Organization, 52 (4), 645685.
  • Krasner, Stephen D (1982), “Structural causes and regime consequences: regimes as intervening variables”, in International Organization, 36 (2), 185205.
  • Moravcsik, Andrew (2005), “The European Constitutional Compromise and the neofunctionalist legacy”, in Journal of European Public Policy, 12 (2), 349386.
  • Kindleberger, Charles (1973), “Chapter 14: An Explanation of the 1929 Depression”, in The World in Depression, 192939, 291308.

 

Crosscutting Issues

This section is driven by the idea that most major current problems are complex, crosscutting issues, which cannot be dealt with without taking into account many aspects, be they political, economical, environmental, ethnological, administrative, sociological.. aspects. Therefore, a transdisciplinary approach is being used here. Below are two optional readings dealing with the transdisciplinary perspective used in the “crosscutting issues” section.

  • Fischer, Dietrich (1993), Nonmilitary Aspects of Security: a Systems Approach, Dartmouth (for the UNIDIR), 222 p.
  • Morin, Edgar (1994), “Sur l’interdisciplinarité”, in Bulletin Interactif du Centre International de Recherches et Études transdisciplinaires, vol. 2. (http://nicol.club.fr/ciret/bulletin/b2.htm)


The rationale behind this transdisciplinary approach will be shortly presented at the beginning of lecture 4.

 

Lecture 4. Conflict prevention: international conflicts (Monday, May 14th)


One of the main reason for international cooperation, and one of the main tasks assigned to IGOs, is the prevention of armed conflicts (initially mainly international conflicts). We will see to what extent global governance contributes to it, firstly from an operational perspective. Then, since a major recurring debate since about a decade is centred around the socalled “Kantian theory” that IGOs, trade and democracy together brings international peace, the arguments that have been used in this debate will be assessed from the perspective of global governance.

Required readings

  • Dixon, William J (1996), “Thirdparty techniques for preventing conflict escalation and promoting peaceful settlement”, in International Organization, 50 (4), 653681.
  • Read again pages 1929 (starting with section “Neutrality”) of Abbott, Kenneth W & Snidal, Duncan (1998), “Why States Act through Formal International Organizations”, in Journal of Conflict Resolution, 42 (1), 332.
  • Barbieri, Katherine & Schneider, Gerald (1999), “Globalization and Peace: Assessing New Directions in the Study of Trade and Conflict”, in Journal of Peace Research, 36 (4), 387404.
  • Oneal, John R ; Russett, Bruce & Berbaum, Michael L (2003), “Causes of Peace: Democracy, Interdependence, and International Organizations, 1885–1992”, in International Studies Quarterly, 47 (3), 371393.


Additional readings

  • Chesterman, Simon & Pouligny, Béatrice (2003), “Are Sanctions Meant to Work? The Politics of Creating and Implementing Sanctions Through the United Nations”, in Global Governance, 9 (4), 503518.
  • Chalmers, Malcolm (2007), “Spending to Save? The CostEffectiveness of Conflict Prevention”, in Defence & Peace Economics, 18 (1), 123.
  • WTO, “10 benefits of the WTO trading system”, available at: http://www.wto.org/english/thewto_e/whatis_e/ 10ben_e/10b00_e.htm



On the “Kantian theory” debate:

  • Oneal, John R. & Russett, Bruce (1999), “Assessing the Liberal Peace with Alternative Specifications: Trade Still Reduces Conflict”, in Journal of Peace Research, 36 (4), 423442.
  • Barbieri, Katherine & Lavy, Jack S. (1999), “Sleeping with the Enemy: The Impact of War on Trade”, in Journal of Peace Research, 30, 463479.
  • Reuveny, Rafael (2000), “The Trade and Conflict Debate: A Survey of Theory, Evidence and Future Research”, in Peace Economics, Peace Science and Public Policy, 6 (1), 2349.
  • BoxSteffensmeier, Janet M & Zorn, Christopher JW (2001), “Duration Models and Proportional Hazards in Political Science”, in American Journal of Political Science, 45 (4), 972 p.
  • Barbieri, Katherine & Peters, Richard Alan (2003), “Measure for Mismeasure: A Response to Gartzke & Li”, in Journal of peace research, 40 (6), 713719.
  • Oneal, John R. (2003), “Measuring Interdependence and its Pacific Benefits: A Reply to Gartzke & Li”, in Journal of peace research, 40 (6), 721725.
  • Gartzke, Erik & Li, Quan (2003), “Measure for Measure: Concept Operationalization and the Trade InterdependenceConflict Debate”, in Journal of Peace Research, 40 (5), 555573.
  • Goenner, Cullen F. (2004), “Uncertainty of the Liberal Peace”, in Journal of Peace Research, 41 (5), 589605.
  • Beck, Nathaniel ; King, Gary & Zeng, Langche (2004), “Theory and Evidence in International Conflict: A Response to de Marchi, Gelpi, and Grynaviski”, in American Political Science Review, 98 (2), 379389.
  • Kim, Hyung Min & Rousseau, David L (2005), “The Classical Liberals Were Half Right (or Half Wrong): New Tests of the ‘Liberal Peace’, 196088”, in Journal of Peace Research, 42 (5), 523543.
  • Kauffmann, Mayeul (2006), “Les couples dans l’étude empirique du modèle libéral néokantien”, in Arès, XXII2 (57), 87102.

 

Lecture 5. Conflict prevention: civil wars (Monday, May 21th)


This lecture will focus on civil wars and how their prevention relates to global governance. Some of the structural causes of conflict (including natural resources and socioeconomic tensions) will be debated, as well as the role of the “international community” with respect to these issues.

Required readings

  • Adekanye, J. ’Bayo (1995), “Structural Adjustment, Democratization and Rising Ethnic Tensions in Africa”, in Development and Change, 26 (2), 335374.
  • De Maio, Jennifer (2006), “Managing Civil Wars”, in World Affairs, 168 (3), 131144.
  • Collier, Paul & Hoeffler, Anke (2000), “Greed and Grievance in Civil War”, in Policy Research Working Paper, (WPS 2355), 44 p.
  • Wright, Clive (2004), “Tackling conflict diamonds: the Kimberley process certification scheme”, in International Peacekeeping, 11 (4), 697708.


Additional readings

  • Ball, Nicole ; Friedman, Jordana D. & Rossiter, Caleb S. (1997), “The Role of International Financial Institutions in Preventing and Resolving Conflict”, in The Price of Peace: Incentives and International Conflict Prevention, 243264.
  • Stremlau, John J. & Sagasti, Francisco R. (1998), Preventing Deadly Conflict: Does the World Bank Have a Role?, Carnegie Commission on Preventing Deadly Conflict, 104 p.
  • Draman, Rasheed (2001), “Preventing Conflicts in Africa: Reality, Empty Dream or Just Difficult?”, in Civil Wars, 4 (2), 121 p.
  • Hegre, Håvard ; Ellingsen, Tanja ; Gates, Scott & Gleditsch, Nils Petter (2001), “Toward a Democratic Civil Peace? Democracy, Political Change, and Civil War, 18161992”, in American Political Science Review, 95 (1), 3348.
  • Hegre, Håvard ; Gissinger, Ranveig & Gleditsch, Nils Petter (2003), “Globalization and Internal Conflict”, in Globalization and Conflict, 251275.
  • Ross, Michael L (2004), “How Do Natural Resources Influence Civil War? Evidence from Thirteen Cases”, in International Organization, 58 (1), 3567.
  • Aning, Emmanuel Kwesi (2005), “The Challenge of Civil Wars to Multilateral Interventions – UN, ECOWAS, and Complex Political Emergencies in West Africa: A Critical Analysis”, in African & Asian Studies, 4 (1/2), 120.
  • Kauffmann, Mayeul (2007), “Short Term and Event Interdependence Matter: A Political Economy Continuous Model of Civil War”, in Peace Economics, Peace Science and Public Policy, 13 (to be issued).
  • Olsson, Ola (2007), “Conflict diamonds”, in Journal of Development Economics, 82 (2), 267286.

 

Lecture 6. From peace building to development assistance (Monday, June 4th)

This lecture will focus on the role of the international community in helping countries finding their way out of armed conflict, through several steps: peace building, reconstruction and, finally, development assistance.

Although the latter notion might seem to be mainly centred on economic issues, the same transdisciplinary approach will be used here, through the concepts of linkage. One topic covered in this respect will be one that is largely linked to the previous one (conflict prevention), namely proliferation of conventional weapons, with a focus on tied aid and fungibility.

Required readings

  • Marshall, Katherine (1997), “Emerging from Conflict: What Roles for International Development Finance Institutions ?”, Development Discussion Paper, n. 587, 30 p. (Available from the following URL: http://www.cid.harvard.edu/hiid/)
  • Last, David (2000), “Organizing for Effective Peacebuilding”, in International Peacekeeping, 7 (1), 8098.
  • Jackson, Robert (2004), “International Engagement in WarTorn Countries”, in Global Governance, 10 (1), 2136.
  • BojicicDzelilovic, Vesna (2002), “World Bank, NGOs and the Private Sector in PostWar Reconstruction”, in International Peacekeeping, 9 (2), 8198.
  • Alesina, Alberto & Dollar, David (2000), “Who Gives Foreign Aid to Whom and Why?”, in Journal of economic growth, 5 (1), 3363.
  • De Masi, Paula & Lorie, Henri (1988), “How Resilient are Military Expenditures in the Context of Fund Supported Programs?”, IMF Working Paper. [Or same authors, shortened title, IMF Staff papers, 1989, 36 (1).]


Additional readings

  • World Bank (1998), PostConflict Reconstruction: the Role of the World Bank, 69 p.
  • Pitman, Keith (1998), “The Role of the World Bank in Enhancing Cooperation and Resolving Conflict on International Watercourses: the Case of the Indus Basin”, in International watercourses enhancing cooperation and managing conflict, Washington, D.C.: World Bank, 155164.
  • Moore, David (2000), “Levelling the Playing Fields and Embedding Illusions: ‘PostConflict’ Discourse and Neoliberal ‘Development’ in WarTorn Africa”, in Review of African Political Economy, 27 (83), 1128.
  • Richmond, Oliver (2001), “A Very Political Economy: Peacebuilding and Foreign Aid in the West Bank and Gaza (Book)”, in International Peacekeeping, 8 (4), 171 p.
  • Siegel, Adam B (2001), “Associating Development Projects with Military Operations: Lessons from NATO's First Year in BiH”, in International Peacekeeping, 8 (3), 99 p.
  • Pugh, Michael (2005), “Transformation in the political economy of Bosnia since Dayton”, in International Peacekeeping, 12 (3), 448462.
  • Bose, Sumantra (2005), “The Bosnian State a decade after Dayton”, in International Peacekeeping, 12 (3), 322335.

 

Problems and Reforms

Lecture 7. Problems and reforms (Monday, June 11th)

Among other topics, problems related to the legitimacy, efficiency and financing of the “global governance” system will be covered. The various proposals that have been made to address them will be debated.

Required readings

  • Mendez, Ruben P. (1997), “Financing the United Nations and the International Public Sector: Problems and Reform”, in Global Governance, 3 (3), 283310.
  • Barnett, Michael N & Finnemore, Martha (1999), “The Politics, Power, and Pathologies of International Organizations”, in International Organization, 53 (4), 699732.
  • Murphy, Craig N (2000), “Global Governance: Poorly done and Poorly Understood”, in International Affairs, 76 (4), .
  • Moravcsik, Andrew (2004), “Is there a ‘Democratic Deficit’ in World Politics? A Framework for Analysis”, in Government & Opposition, 39 (2), 336363.
  • Luck, Edward C (2005), “How Not to Reform the United Nations”, in Global Governance, 11 (4), 407414.


Additional readings

  • Lyons, Gene M (1989), “Reforming the United Nations”, in International Social Science Journal, 41 (2), 249271.
  • Raffer, Kunibert (1993), “International Financial Institutions and Accountability: the Need for Drastic Change”, in Trade Transfers and Development: Problems and Prospects for the TwentyFirst Century, Cheltenham (RoyaumeUni): Edward Elgar Publishing, 151165.
  • Hurd, Ian (1999), “Legitimacy and Authority in International Politics”, in International Organization, 53 (2), 379408.
  • Global Exchange (2001), How the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank Undermine Democracy and Erode Human Rights: Five Case Studies, 16 p.
  • Moravcsik, Andrew (2001), “Despotism in Brussels?”, in Foreign Affairs, 80 (3), 114122.

 

Syllabus-Multilateral-Governance.pdf (485 Kb) Jan 28, 2008